What factors affect the impedance of a cable?

The impedance of a cable is influenced by multiple factors, primarily resistance, capacitance, and inductance, but it can also be affected by other aspects such as cable length and configuration.

Resistance contributes to the overall impedance by opposing the flow of electrical current. The higher the resistance, the more it will affect the impedance of the signal traveling through the cable.

Capacitance also plays a crucial role by storing electrical energy in the electric field created between the conductors. It affects how signals are transmitted, especially at higher frequencies. As capacitance increases, it can lead to phase shifts in the signal, which also alters the effective impedance of the cable.

Inductance is another important factor that isn’t explicitly mentioned in the answer options, but it can also affect impedance as it relates to the magnetic fields generated around the conductors.

Cable length can influence the impedance because longer cables can introduce more resistance and capacitance, resulting in greater attenuation and impedance changes. However, focusing solely on cable length without considering other factors would provide an incomplete picture.

Given that both resistance and capacitance are integral components in determining the impedance in cable systems, and recognizing that there are other factors at play, selecting the option that includes all primary influences is the logical choice